I'm responding to you prior to reading the rest of this thread.
This is going to seem way out of left field, but may I suggest feminism? (Did you make a face at that?

) Seriously. It's not just for women. And it's most certainly NOT about hating men, burning bras, or whatever other offensive stereotype you may have encountered.
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It sounds like you're searching for a like-minded COMMUNITY, not necessarily a religion. If you're looking for a community of critical thinkers, who are not afraid to challenge the status quo and conformity, and who believe in social justice and eradicating things like sexism, racism, classism, etc., they're a great comunity to connect to. And yes, men are welcome. The movement has grown to include more than just resolving sexism, although that is obviously still important, as women are still not treated equally in society, but it has evolved to recognize the importance of intersectionality - the way that all of the various -isms work to oppress all of us. It's the closest thing to real-time community philosophy I have encountered that didn't center around religion, and the critical thinking and discussions are excellent.
Here are a couple of possible starting points to learn more:
1)
http://www.amazon.com/Men-Feminism-...8&qid=1357514448&sr=8-1&keywords=feminism+men
2)
http://www.amazon.com/Guys-Guide-Fe...8&qid=1357514448&sr=8-7&keywords=feminism+men
3)
http://feministing.com/
4)
http://www.feministe.us/blog/archives/
And just for kicks, here's an awesome riot grrrl video from back in the day, as you seem like someone who would appreciate kickass punk rawk grrrls:
5)
http://youtu.be/5DSSFJJ5Wo4
And some riot grrrl context:
6)
http://www.npr.org/2013/01/05/168696666/bikini-kill-rises-again-no-less-relevant
As for religious communities, after growing up with a branch of Christianity and then experiencing Scientology, I'm quite wary of organized religion. That said, I have been exploring the Unitarian Universalist church. They have more of a focus on community and social justice work, and members can follow whatever religious beliefs they choose, or none at all. It's surprisingly progressive that way, and based on what I've seen, a lot of great work has been done by them on the social justice front. As an added benefit, it's easier to find large clusters of UU folks than it is to find clusters of feminists who gather regularly (social justice / activist circles are good bets in this case).
Now, if you're looking for a group of fundamentalists who will hand you a list of rules about how you should live your life, there are MANY of those to choose from, but I personally wouldn't recommend it. It doesn't sound like that's what you're searching for, but beware that this is what you are most likely to find as you search around.
Good luck to you!
White Rabbit